India Reconsiders the Indus Waters Treaty as Tensions with Pakistan Over Sindhu River Escalate

The Indus Waters Treaty, signed in 1960 between India and Pakistan with the help of the World Bank, is once again in the spotlight as India explores options to modify or revoke its provisions. The treaty divides control of the Indus River system, granting Pakistan rights to three western rivers—Indus, Jhelum, and Chenab—while India retains control over the eastern rivers—Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej. However, rising tensions, continued cross-border conflicts, and accusations of water misuse have led Indian authorities to question the fairness and strategic wisdom of honoring the agreement as-is. Critics argue that Pakistan has leveraged the treaty diplomatically while continuing to support activities that destabilize India. On the other hand, some experts warn that revoking the treaty could escalate hostilities and create severe humanitarian and geopolitical consequences. The debate now sits at the intersection of national security, environmental justice, and regional diplomacy, making...